The atomic gas of star-forming galaxies at z~0.05 as revealed by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope
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2020
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European Southern Observatory
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Context. We report new Hi observations of four z ∼ 0.05 VALES galaxies undertaken during the commissioning phase of the Fivehundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST).
Aims. FAST is the largest single-dish telescope in the world, with a 500 meter aperture and a 19-Beam receiver. Exploiting theunprecedented sensitivity provided by FAST, we aim to study the atomic gas content, via the Hi 21 cm emission line, in low-z star
formation galaxies taken from the Valparaíso ALMA/APEX Line Emission Survey (VALES). Together with previous Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) CO(J = 1 − 0) observations, the Hi data provides crucial information to measure the gas mass and dynamics.
Methods. As a pilot Hi galaxy survey, we targeted four local star-forming galaxies at z ∼ 0.05. In particular, one of them has already been detected in Hi by the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA survey (ALFALFA), allowing a careful comparison. We use an ON-OFF observing approach that allowed us to reach an rms of 0.7mJy beam−1 at a 1.7 kms−1 velocity resolution within only 20 minutes
ON-target integration time.
Results. In this letter, we demonstrate the great capabilities of the FAST 19-beam receiver for pushing the detectability of the Hi emission line of extra-galactic sources. The Hi emission line detected by FAST shows good consistency with the previous Arecibo telescope ALFALFA results. Our observations are put in context with previous multi-wavelength data to reveal the physical properties of these low-z galaxies. We find that the CO(J = 1 − 0) and Hi emission line profiles are similar. The dynamical mass estimated from the Hi data is an order of magnitude higher than the baryon mass and the dynamical mass derived from the CO observations, implying that the mass probed by dynamics of Hi is dominated by the dark matter halo. In one case, a target shows an excess of CO(J = 1−0) in the line centre, which can be explained by an enhanced CO(J = 1 − 0) emission induced by a nuclear starburst showing high velocity
dispersion.
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GALAXIES: EVOLUTION, GALAXIES: ISM, GALAXIES: STAR FORMATION, GALAXIES: STARBURST, RADIO LINES: GALAXIES