Examinando por Autor "Allende, Martina"

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  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Height in twentieth‐century Chilean men: growth with divergence
    (Springer-Verlag, 2020) Llorca‐Jaña, Manuel; Navarrete‐Montalvo, Juan; Araya‐Valenzuela, Roberto; Droller, Federico; Allende, Martina; Rivas, Javier
    This article provides the frst series of Chilean adult male height for the whole of the twentieth century. The height of adult males increased by about 5.5 cm during the twentieth century, primarily during the second half of this period. This is the greatest improvement in biological welfare in Chilean history; Chilean males have never been as tall as they are today. Using a sample of around 36,371 individuals, we document the evolution of the average height of Chilean soldiers (male) born from the 1900s to the 1990s. This sample can be safely taken as a good proxy of the average height of Chilean male population for the period under study. We provide an explanation of both the main determinants of physical stature and the rapid increase in height in Chile over this period.
  • Miniatura
    Ítem
    Mortalidad general e infantil en Chile en el largo plazo, 1909-2017
    (Sociedad Médica De Santiago, 2021) Llorca-Jaña, Manuel; Rivero-Cantillano, Rodrigo; Rivas, Javier; Allende, Martina
    Background: During the twentieth century, Chile experienced an important reduction in general mortality. Aim: To describe both general and infant mortality of Chile from 1909 to 2017. Material and Methods: Analysis of information about births and deaths published by the Chilean National Institute of Statistics for the period between 1909 and 2017. Results: Both general and infant mortality rates declined sharply from the 1930s to the late 1990s. However, during the last few years, general mortality rates increased slightly. This is the first increase in over a century. Another positive aspect is that there was a dramatic decrease in mortality rate gaps across Chilean regions, for both general and infant mortality. However, intraregional inequalities in infant mortality continue to be a detrimental factor. Conclusions: Public health efforts should be carried out to further reduce socioeconomic and regional gaps in adult and infant mortality in Chile.