Examinando por Autor "Kurtev, R."

Mostrando 1 - 5 de 5
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    A massive open cluster hiding in full sight
    (Royal Astronomical Society, 2021) Negueruela, I.; Chene, A.-N.; Tabernero, H. M.; Dorda, R.; Borissova, J.; Marco, A.; Kurtev, R.
    Obscuration and confusion conspire to limit our knowledge of the inner MilkyWay. Even atmoderate distances, the identification of stellar systems becomes compounded by the extremely high density of background sources. Here, we provide a very revealing example of these complications by unveiling a large, massive, young cluster in the Sagittarius arm that has escaped detection until now despite containing more than 30 stars brighter than G = 13. By combining Gaia DR2 astrometry, Gaia and 2MASS photometry, and optical spectroscopy, we find that the new cluster, which we name Valparaiso 1, located at ∼ 2.3 kpc, is about 75 Ma old and includes a large complement of evolved stars, among which we highlight the 4 d classical Cepheid CM Sct and an M-type giant that probably represents the first detection of an asymptotic giant branch star in a Galactic young open cluster. Although strong differential reddening renders accurate parameter determination unfeasible with the current data set, direct comparison to clusters of similar age suggests that Valparaiso 1 was born as one of the most massive clusters in the solar neighbourhood, with an initial mass close to 104M .
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    Alert Classification for the ALeRCE Broker System: The Light Curve Classifier
    (American Astronomical Society (Aas), 2021) Sánchez-Sáez, P.; Reyes, I.; Valenzuela, C.; Förster, F.; Eyheramendy, S.; Elorrieta, F.; Bauer, F. E.; Cabrera-Vives, G.; Estévez, P. A.; Catelan, M.; Pignata, G.; Huijse, P.; De Cicco, D.; Arévalo, P.; Carrasco-Davis, R.; Abril, J.; Kurtev, R.; Borissova, J.; Arredondo, J.; Castillo-Navarrete, E.; Rodriguez, D.; Ruz-Mieres, D.; Moya, A.; Sabatini-Gacitúa, L.; Sepúlveda-Cobo, C.; Camacho-Iñiguez, E.
    We present the first version of the Automatic Learning for the Rapid Classification of Events (ALeRCE) broker light curve classifier. ALeRCE is currently processing the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream, in preparation for the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. The ALeRCE light curve classifier uses variability features computed from the ZTF alert stream and colors obtained from AllWISE and ZTF photometry. We apply a balanced random forest algorithm with a two-level scheme where the top level classifies each source as periodic, stochastic, or transient, and the bottom level further resolves each of these hierarchical classes among 15 total classes. This classifier corresponds to the first attempt to classify multiple classes of stochastic variables (including core- and host-dominated active galactic nuclei, blazars, young stellar objects, and cataclysmic variables) in addition to different classes of periodic and transient sources, using real data. We created a labeled set using various public catalogs (such as the Catalina Surveys and Gaia DR2 variable stars catalogs, and the Million Quasars catalog), and we classify all objects with ≥6 g-band or ≥6 r-band detections in ZTF (868,371 sources as of 2020 June 9), providing updated classifications for sources with new alerts every day. For the top level we obtain macro-averaged precision and recall scores of 0.96 and 0.99, respectively, and for the bottom level we obtain macro-averaged precision and recall scores of 0.57 and 0.76, respectively. Updated classifications from the light curve classifier can be found at the ALeRCE Explorer website (http://alerce.online).
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    Infrared photometry and CaT spectroscopy of globular cluster M28 (NGC 6626)
    (European Southern Observatory (ESO), 2021) Moni Bidin, C.; Mauro, F.; Contreras Ramos, R.; Zoccali, M.; Reinarz, Y.; Moyano, M.; González-Díaz, D.; Villanova, S.; Carraro, G.; Borissova, J.; Chené, A.-N.; Cohen, R. E.; Geisler, D.; Kurtev, R.; Minniti, D.
    Context. Recent studies show that the inner Galactic regions host genuine bulge globular clusters, but also halo intruders, complex remnants of primordial building blocks, and objects likely accreted during major merging events. Aims. In this study we focus on the properties of M 28, a very old and massive cluster currently located in the Galactic bulge. Methods. We analysed wide-field infrared photometry collected by the VVV survey, VVV proper motions, and intermediate-resolution spectra in the calcium triplet range for 113 targets in the cluster area. Results. Our results in general confirm previous estimates of the cluster properties available in the literature. We find no evidence of differences in metallicity between cluster stars, setting an upper limit of Δ[Fe/H] < 0.08 dex to any internal inhomogeneity. We confirm that M 28 is one of the oldest objects in the Galactic bulge (13–14 Gyr). From this result and the literature data, we find evidence of a weak age–metallicity relation among bulge globular clusters that suggests formation and chemical enrichment. In addition, wide-field density maps show that M 28 is tidally stressed and that it is losing mass into the general bulge field. Conclusions. Our study indicates that M 28 is a genuine bulge globular cluster, but its very old age and its mass loss suggest that this cluster could be the remnant of a larger structure, possibly a primeval bulge building block.
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    The Automatic Learning for the Rapid Classification of Events (ALeRCE) Alert Broker
    (American Astronomical Society (Aas), 2021) Förster, F.; Cabrera-Vives, G.; Castillo-Navarrete, E.; Estévez, P. A.; Sánchez-Sáez, P.; Arredondo, J.; Bauer, F. E.; Carrasco-Davis, R.; Catelan, M.; Elorrieta, F.; Eyheramendy, S.; Huijse, P.; Pignata, G.; Reyes, E.; Reyes, I.; Rodríguez-Mancini, D.; Ruz-Mieres, D.; Valenzuela, C.; Álvarez-Maldonado, I.; Astorga, N.; Borissova, Jura; Clocchiatti, A.; De Cicco, D.; Donoso-Oliva, C.; Hernández-García, L.; Graham, M. J.; Jordán, A.; Kurtev, R.; Mahabal, A.; Maureira, J. C.; Muñoz-Arancibia, A.; Molina-Ferreiro, R.; Moya, A.; Palma, W.; Pérez-Carrasco, M.; Protopapas, P.; Romero, M.; Sabatini-Gacitua, L.; Sánchez, A.; San Martín, J.; Sepúlveda-Cobo, C.; Vera, E.; Vergara, J. R.
    We introduce the Automatic Learning for the Rapid Classification of Events (ALeRCE) broker, an astronomical alert broker designed to provide a rapid and self-consistent classification of large etendue telescope alert streams, such as that provided by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and, in the future, the Vera C. Rubin Observatory Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). ALeRCE is a Chilean-led broker run by an interdisciplinary team of astronomers and engineers working to become intermediaries between survey and follow-up facilities. ALeRCE uses a pipeline that includes the real-time ingestion, aggregation, cross-matching, machine-learning (ML) classification, and visualization of the ZTF alert stream. We use two classifiers: a stamp-based classifier, designed for rapid classification, and a light curve–based classifier, which uses the multiband flux evolution to achieve a more refined classification. We describe in detail our pipeline, data products, tools, and services, which are made public for the community (see https://alerce.science). Since we began operating our real-time ML classification of the ZTF alert stream in early 2019, we have grown a large community of active users around the globe. We describe our results to date, including the real-time processing of 1.5 × 108 alerts, the stamp classification of 3.4 × 107 objects, the light-curve classification of 1.1 × 106 objects, the report of 6162 supernova candidates, and different experiments using LSST-like alert streams. Finally, we discuss the challenges ahead in going from a single stream of alerts such as ZTF to a multistream ecosystem dominated by LSST.
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    The G 305 Star-forming Region. II. Irregular Variable Stars
    (American Astronomical Society (Aas), 2021) Medina, N.; Borissova, J.; Kurtev, R.; Alonso-García, J.; Román-Zúñiga, Carlos G.; Bayo, Amelia; Kounkel, Marina; Roman-Lopes, Alexandre; Lucas, P. W.; Covey, K. R.; Fórster, Francisco; Minniti, Dante; Adame, Lucia; Hernández, Jesús
    We present a catalog of 167 newly discovered, irregular variables spanning a ∼7 deg2 area that encompasses the G 305 star-forming complex, one of the most luminous giant H ii regions in the Galaxy. We aim to unveil and characterize the young stellar object (YSO) population of the region by analyzing the Ks-band variability and JHKs infrared colors from the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea survey. Additionally, SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 infrared spectra of selected objects are analyzed. The sample shows relatively high amplitudes (0.661 mag < ΔKS < 3.521 mag). Most of them resemble sources with outbursts with amplitude >1 mag and duration longer than a few days, typically at least a year, known as eruptive variables. About 60% are likely to be Class II/flat/I objects. This is also confirmed by the spectral index α when available. From the analysis of APOGEE-2 near-infrared spectra of sources in the region, another 122 stars are classified as YSOs and display some infrared variability. The measured effective temperature Teff peak is around 4000 K, and they are slightly supersolar in metal abundance. The modal radial velocity is approximately −41 km s−1. Combining available catalogs of YSOs in the region with our data, we investigate the spatial distributions of 700 YSOs. They are clearly concentrated within the central cavity formed by the massive clusters Danks 1 and 2. The calculated surface density for the entire catalog is 0.025 YSOs pc−2, while the central cavity contains 10 times more objects per area (0.238 YSOs pc−2).