Effects of Electromagnetic Waves with LTE and 5G Bandwidth on the Skin Pigmentation In Vitro
Archivos
Fecha
2020
Profesor Guía
Formato del documento
Articulo
ORCID Autor
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Int J Mol Sci
Ubicación
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010170
ISBN
ISSN
1422-0067
item.page.issne
item.page.doiurl
Facultad
Departamento o Escuela
Determinador
Recolector
Especie
Nota general
Resumen
With the rapid growth of wireless communication devices, the influences of electromagnetic fields (EMF) on human health are gathering increasing attention. Since the skin is the largest organ of the body and is located at the outermost layer, it is considered a major target for the health effects of EMF. Skin pigmentation represents one of the most frequent symptoms caused by various non-ionizing radiations, including ultraviolet radiation, blue light, infrared, and extremely low frequency (ELF). Here, we investigated the effects of EMFs with long-term evolution (LTE, 1.762 GHz) and 5G (28 GHz) bandwidth on skin pigmentation in vitro. Murine and Human melanoma cells (B16F10 and MNT-1) were exposed to either LTE or 5G for 4 h per day, which is considered the upper bound of average smartphone use time. It was shown that neither LTE nor 5G exposure induced significant effects on cell viability or pigmentation. The dendrites of MNT-1 were neither lengthened nor regressed after EMF exposure. Skin pigmentation effects of EMFs were further examined in the human keratinocyte cell line (MNT-1-HaCaT) co-culture system, which confirmed the absence of significant hyper-pigmentation effects of LTE and 5G EMFs. Lastly, MelanoDerm�, a 3D pigmented human epidermis model, was irradiated with LTE (1.762 GHz) or 5G (28 GHz), and image analysis and special staining were performed. No changes in the brightness of MelanoDerm� tissues were observed in LTE- or 5G-exposed tissues, except for only minimal changes in the size of melanocytes. Collectively, these results imply that exposure to LTE and 5G EMFs may not affect melanin synthesis or skin pigmentation under normal smartphone use condition.
Descripción
Lugar de Publicación
Auspiciador
Palabras clave
ANIMALS CELL PROLIFERATION, ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS HUMANS IN VITRO TECHNIQUES KERATINOCYTES, CYTOLOGY, METABOLISM, RADIATION EFFECTS MELANINS, METABOLISM MELANOCYTES, CYTOLOGY, METABOLISM, RADIATION EFFECTS MICE MICE, INBRED C57BL, RADIO WAVES SKIN PIGMENTATION, RADIATION EFFECTS 5G LTE ARTIFICIAL HUMAN EPIDERMIS ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES MELANOGENESIS SKIN PIGMENTATION