Examinando por Autor "Taramasco, Carla"

Mostrando 1 - 9 de 9
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    A Feature-Based Analysis for Time-Series Classification of COVID-19 Incidence in Chile: A Case Study
    (MDPI, 2021) Flores, Christopher; Taramasco, Carla; Lagos, Maria Elena; Rimassa, Carla; Figueroa, Rosa
    The 2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a current challenge for the world’s health systems aiming to control this disease. From an epidemiological point of view, the control of the incidence of this disease requires an understanding of the influence of the variables describing a population. This research aims to predict the COVID-19 incidence in three risk categories using two types of machine learning models, together with an analysis of the relative importance of the available features in predicting the COVID-19 incidence in the Chilean urban commune of Concepción. The classification results indicate that the ConvLSTM (Convolutional Long Short-Term Memory) classifier performed better than the SVM (Support Vector Machine), with results between 93% and 96% in terms of accuracy (ACC) and F-measure (F1) metrics. In addition, when considering each one of the regional and national features as well as the communal features (DEATHS and MOBILITY), it was observed that at the regional level the CRITICAL BED OCCUPANCY and PATIENTS IN ICU features positively contributed to the performance of the classifiers, while at the national level the features that most impacted the performance of the SVM and ConvLSTM were those related to the type of hospitalization of patients and the use of mechanical ventilators.
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    A Generalization of the Importance of Vertices for an Undirected Weighted Graph
    (MDPI, 2021) Manríquez, Ronald; Guerrero-Nancuante, Camilo; Martínez, Felipe; Taramasco, Carla
    Establishing a node importance ranking is a problem that has attracted the attention of many researchers in recent decades. For unweighted networks where the edges do not have any attached weight, many proposals have been presented, considering local or global information of the networks. On the contrary, it occurs in undirected edge-weighted networks, where the proposals to address this problem have been more scarce. In this paper, a ranking method of node importance for undirected and edge-weighted is provided, generalizing the measure of line importance (DIL) based on the centrality degree proposed by Opsahl. The experimentation was done on five real networks and the results illustrate the benefits of our proposal.
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    Computational Solutions for Human Falls Classification
    (IEEE, 2021) Costa Junior, Evilasio; De Castro Andrade, Rossana Maria; Rocha, Leonardo S.; Taramasco, Carla; Ferreira, Leonardo
    In the last two decades, studies about using technology for automatic detection of human falls increased considerably. The automatic detection of falls allows for quicker aid that is key to increasing the chances of treatment and mitigating the consequences of falls. However, each type of fall has its specificities and determining the correct type of fall can help treat the person who has fallen. Although it is essential to use computational methods to classify falls, there are few studies about that in the literature, especially compared to the studies that propose solutions for fall detection. In this sense, we execute a systematic literature review (SLR) using the (Kitchenham et al., 2009) method to investigate the computational solutions used to classify the different types of falls. We performed a search on Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed scientific databases looking for computational methods to fall classification in their papers. We use the grounded theory methodology for a more detailed qualitative analysis of the papers. As a result of our search, we selected a total of 36 studies for our review and found two different computational methods for classifying falls. Related to the steps used in each method, we found fourteen different types of sensors, four different techniques for background and foreground extraction of videos, twenty-one techniques for feature extraction, and seven different fall classification strategies. Finally, we also identified fifty-one different types of falls. In conclusion, we believe that the methods and techniques analyzed in our study can help developers to create new and better systems for classification, detection, and prevention of falls and falls database. Besides, we identified gaps that can be explored in future research related to the automatic classification of falls.
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    Desarrollo de una plataforma de monitoreo de caídas en domicilio para adultos mayores
    (Universidad de Valparaíso, 2020) Murray Toledo, Sebastian Cristopher; Taramasco, Carla
    Las caídas son un gran problema para la población conformada por adultos mayores. La ayuda inmediata podría reducir el riesgo de varias complicaciones posteriores, incluyendo la muerte. Además, la existencia de herramientas que ayuden a detectar caídas no están orientadas a los adultos mayores o bien tienen un alto costo de adquisición. Los estudios indican que para detectar caídas se pueden utilizar sensores, como el acelerómetro, incluidos dentro de dispositivos vestibles. Con estos dispositivos se pueden desarrollar sistemas que puedan ser de ayuda con la problemática de las caídas que existe para los adultos mayores. Por esto surge la necesidad de desarrollar un sistema que detecte caídas, utilizando un dispositivo vestible de bajo costo y desarrollando un aplicación móvil que pueda permitir enviar alertas a los cuidadores de los adultos mayores cuando ellos tengan una caída. El sistema desarrollado obtiene los datos enviados desde un dispositivo vestible (que cuenta con un acelerómetro) y luego a través de la implementación de un algoritmo, que utiliza el método de umbrales, se analizan estos datos y se valida si existe o no una caída. Luego en una aplicación móvil el cuidador podrá ver un histórico de las caídas de los adultos mayores y también recibir notificaciones de las cuando se detecte una caída. Según las pruebas realizadas el algoritmo alcanzo una sensibilidad del 93,75% y especificidad del 100 %. Con este trabajo se busca disminuir el tiempo que existe entre el momento que un adulto mayor tiene una caída y la llegada de ayuda.
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    Exploring trajectories and tourist behavior using the entropy curve
    (Universidad De Talca, 2021) Taramasco, Carla; Muñoz, Alan; Demongeot, Jacques
    The purpose of this study is to develop a new method that allows calculating the characteristics of tourist paths, favoring the understanding of visitor behavior. Changes and complexities are considered between a first phase of quasi-random "search" of attractions and tourist sites to visit, and a second phase of direct access to places of interest in the territory. This method is based on the notion of entropy curve, where a low value corresponds to a direct and rapid access to the preselected or recently defined sites, and a high value corresponds to an almost random search for tourist sites showing a more erratic behavior of the tourist. The location in space and time of the high entropy parts of the tourist trajectory would allow making better decisions related to the management of tourism in a given territory.
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    Involving Stakeholders in the Implementation of Microservice-Based Systems: A Case Study in an Ambient-Assisted Living System
    (IEEE, 2021) Márquez, Gastón; Taramasco, Carla; Astudillo, Hernán; Zalc, Vincent; Istrate, Dan
    Microservice-based systems promote agility and rapid business development. Some features, such as fast time-to-market, scalability and optimal response times, have encouraged stakeholders to get more involved in the development and implementation of microservices architectures in order to translate their business vision into the implementation of the architecture. Although some techniques allow the inclusion of the stakeholders' perspective in the design of microservice architectures, few proposals consider such perspectives in the selection and evaluation of technologies that implement microservice architectures. Indeed, the qualities that characterize microservice-based systems strongly depend on the suitable selection of technologies, such as application frameworks and platforms. This article proposes a collaborative technique that includes stakeholders and software architects in the selection and evaluation of application frameworks and platforms to implement microservice-based systems. We evaluated the technique in an industrial case of design and implementation of an Ambient-Assisted Living (AAL) system, which combines microservice architecture and Internet-of-Medical-Things (IoMT) sensors. The case results indicate that the proposed technique supported stakeholders in the pragmatic evaluation of alternative technological solutions. Additionally, it allowed the implementation of an AAL system that satisfies the quality specifications of stakeholders and end-users. This initial study suggests that actively including stakeholders in the implementation of microservice-based systems allows architects to make design decisions that better consider stakeholders viewpoints as well as managing their expectations.
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    Recent Models for Collaborative E-Government Processes: A Survey
    (IEEE, 2021) Gacitúa, Ricardo; Astudillo, Hernán; Hitpass, Bernhard; Osorio-Sanabria, Mariutsi; Taramasco, Carla
    Many governments worldwide are engaging into digital transformation initiatives to improve efficiency, effectiveness, cost, and transparency. Collaborative e-government processes offer a way to overcome the typical integration and interoperability issues of existing isolated e-government solutions. A study was conducted to help e-government modelers and architects to know current approaches to modeling collaborative e-government processes that consider integration and interoperability. The research questions are: Which kind of representations (architecture, framework, ontology, meta-model, model or process) are used to model these processes? Which concerns (cost, value, citizen, technology, organization) do they focus on? How do they address collaborative processes concepts (interoperability and collaboration)? This article describes the design, execution and results of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) that gathered primary studies from well-known scientific literature databases, and organized them with a novel literature classification schema consisting of model type, model focus, collaboration scheme, and interoperability level. The initial search found 326 publications, of which duplicates removal and exclusion criteria application left only 52 for detailed analysis. Key findings are: literature for this topic proposes Frameworks and (general) Models, but not metamodels or ontologies; most addressed focus has shifted from Technology and Organization, towards Citizen; collaboration studies have shifted from Open Participation towards Data Transparency; and most work that addresses interoperability remains focused on Technical aspects with a smattering of Semantics and Organizational aspects. These findings reinforce the need for proposals that address the problem of collaborative e-government processes as something that lives at the junction of e-government, software architecture description, collaborative work, and interoperability.
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    Spread of Epidemic Disease on Edge-Weighted Graphs from a Database: A Case Study of COVID-19
    (MDPI, 2021) Manríquez, Ronald; Guerrero-Nancuante, Camilo; Martínez, Felipe; Taramasco, Carla
    The understanding of infectious diseases is a priority in the field of public health. This has generated the inclusion of several disciplines and tools that allow for analyzing the dissemination of infectious diseases. The aim of this manuscript is to model the spreading of a disease in a population that is registered in a database. From this database, we obtain an edge-weighted graph. The spreading was modeled with the classic SIR model. The model proposed with edge-weighted graph allows for identifying the most important variables in the dissemination of epidemics. Moreover, a deterministic approximation is provided. With database COVID-19 from a city in Chile, we analyzed our model with relationship variables between people. We obtained a graph with 3866 vertices and 6,841,470 edges. We fitted the curve of the real data and we have done some simulations on the obtained graph. Our model is adjusted to the spread of the disease. The model proposed with edge-weighted graph allows for identifying the most important variables in the dissemination of epidemics, in this case with real data of COVID-19. This valuable information allows us to also include/understand the networks of dissemination of epidemics diseases as well as the implementation of preventive measures of public health. These findings are important in COVID-19’s pandemic context.
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    When age becomes a plus: Seniors and Cognitive Reserve
    (Medcrave, 2021) Rimassa, Carla; Taramasco, Carla
    Cognitive Reserve alludes to gain, resistance, plasticity and is the functional correlative of neuroplasticity and a potential protection factor, which could explain why some patients may show the same pathology but quite different clinical manifestations. Among the activities considered as promoters are studies, work, physical and social activities. Although there are surveys or tables that seek to measure these factors and reflect this reserve in an index, this can be a quite reductionist strategy. Given the increasing ageing of the population, added to the active elders paradigm, programs addressed to seniors are carried out; it is important to consider that gains are accumulative and dynamism must be promoted from earlier ages. The sample for this work consisted of 30 seniors (60–87years) from the Region of Valparaíso, Chile. The CRIq was applied to the participants to measure the CR index and no differences were found between men and women. The purpose of this work is to describe the activities that promote reserve, carried out from 18 years onwards by 30 autonomous and cognitively competent seniors. It is held that it is not the type of activity that matters, but rather the frequency and the length of the execution period that turns into advantages for the persons. The data submitted reveal that seniors never failed to frequently execute some of the activities. That is, they had the habit of being active along their whole lives. This mechanism could be considered as a kind of dynamo where the greater input of promoting activities would make possible better conditions of the nervous system, but it does not have an easy storage as it is in continuous use. For this reason, gains depend on the active habit of execution, its early start, diversity of activities and permanence during the whole life span.